Prague, a city known for its rich history and stunning architecture, is home to one of the Czech Republic’s most important cultural landmarks—the National Museum (Národní muzeum). Located at the top of Wenceslas Square, this grand institution offers a deep dive into Czech history, nature, and art. Whether you're a history buff, a science enthusiast, or simply a curious traveler, here are the must-see exhibits that make the National Museum a highlight of any Prague itinerary.
1. Historical Treasures of the Czech Lands
Step back in time and explore the Historical Treasures of the Czech Lands, a permanent exhibit showcasing artifacts from prehistoric times to the modern era. Discover ancient coins, medieval manuscripts, and royal relics that tell the story of Czech identity and nationhood. This section also highlights significant events that shaped the country’s history, from the formation of Great Moravia to the Velvet Revolution.
2. Natural Science Exhibits: The Wonders of Nature
Nature lovers will be captivated by the museum’s extensive collection of geology, paleontology, and zoology exhibits. Don’t miss the impressive dinosaur fossils and the life-sized replica of a woolly mammoth. The mineral collection is another highlight, featuring dazzling gemstones and rare minerals found across the Czech Republic and beyond.
3. The Story of Prague: From Medieval Times to Today
For those interested in Prague’s evolution, this exhibit provides a fascinating look at the city’s transformation over the centuries. Using interactive displays, historic maps, and audiovisual presentations, visitors can trace Prague’s growth from a medieval settlement to a vibrant European capital. Learn about Charles IV’s contributions, the impact of World War II, and the city’s role in modern Europe.
4. The Czech Music Hall: A Tribute to Legends
Music lovers should not miss the Czech Music Hall, which celebrates the country’s rich musical heritage. The exhibit features original manuscripts, instruments, and personal belongings of famous Czech composers such as Bedřich Smetana, Antonín Dvořák, and Leoš Janáček. The interactive sections allow visitors to listen to iconic compositions while learning about their historical significance.
5. The Hall of Fame: Prominent Czech Personalities
This exhibit is dedicated to famous Czech figures who have influenced politics, science, literature, and the arts. Discover the achievements of legendary writer Franz Kafka, scientist Gregor Mendel, and former president Václav Havel. Their contributions to global culture and innovation are celebrated through personal items, letters, and multimedia presentations.
6. The Dome and Panoramic View of Prague
Beyond the exhibits, one of the best-kept secrets of the National Museum is its dome, which offers a breathtaking panoramic view of Prague. After exploring the museum, take the elevator or stairs to the top and soak in the stunning sights of Wenceslas Square, Old Town, and Prague Castle. This is a must-do for photographers and anyone who appreciates a good cityscape.
Practical Information for Visitors
Location: Wenceslas Square, Prague 1
Opening Hours: Typically open daily, but check the official website for updates.
Tickets: Reasonably priced, with discounts available for students, seniors, and families.
Accessibility: The museum is fully accessible to visitors with mobility challenges.
Tip: Plan to spend at least 2–3 hours to fully enjoy the exhibits and the panoramic view.
✅If you're a museum lover, the Prague Visitor Pass is super worth it. It gives you free entry to major museums like the National Museum, Jewish Museum, Museum of Communism, and more. We especially enjoyed the Lobkowicz Palace Museum inside Prague Castle — audio guide included!
The pass also covers unlimited public transportation, so getting from one museum to another is easy and stress-free. No need to buy separate tram or metro tickets. Just scan your pass and explore at your own pace!
Tip: Even if you're not a huge museum person, the pass saves you money if you plan to visit 3+ attractions in 2–3 days.
Disclosure: This post contains affiliate links. If you purchase through them, I may earn a small commission at no extra cost to you. Thanks for supporting my travel blog!